ACL reconstruction is a surgical technique designed to mend a compromised ACL in the knee. This critical ligament contributes to stabilizing the knee by limiting the forward progression of the lower leg bone, or tibia, in relation to the upper leg bone, or femur.
Injuries to the ACL are prevalent among activities requiring abrupt halts, agile movements, or leaps and may also ensue following incidents such as falls or collisions.
The operative procedure for ACL reconstruction entails supplanting the damaged ligament with a tissue graft, which can be procured from the following:

• Autograft: This method entails using the patient’s own tissues as a replacement. The patellar tendon, located beneath the kneecap, hamstring tendons from the thigh’s posterior, or the quadriceps tendon just above the kneecap are typical sources used in the grafting process. Dr. Han routinely utilizes both patellar and hamstring tendons for grafts.
• Allograft: In certain cases, a graft may be sourced from deceased donors. Known as an allograft, this option is reserved for particular patients or under certain circumstances.

The procedure for reconstructing the ACL is typically conducted with minimally invasive techniques, utilizing small punctures and a minuscule camera known as an arthroscope for navigation. This device provides the surgeon with a clear view within the knee to determine the severity of the ACL’s damage.

During the operative procedure, the damaged ACL tissue is excised, followed by the positioning of the graft within specially drilled channels in both the femur and tibia. The graft is anchored securely with fixation tools, facilitating the body’s natural process to assimilate it in place of the original ligament.

Post-surgical recovery necessitates a detailed and steadfast rehabilitation protocol to recover the knee’s strength, stability, and range of motion. Commencing shortly after the operation, physical therapy is a pivotal aspect of recuperation and may extend over several months. Adherence to the guidance and recommendations of both the surgeon and the physical therapist is critical to maximize the prospects for a fully restored knee.

The primary objectives of ACL reconstruction are to reestablish the stability of the knee, enhance its functionality, and diminish the likelihood of future injuries or instability issues. Following a diligent rehab plan and complying with all post-surgery precautions can lead many patients back to engaging in their everyday activities and sports with a minimized chance of subsequent injury.